अवसाद निरोधक दवाओं के दुष्प्रभाव

नींद की गोलियां और अवसाद (डिप्रेशन) निरोधक Antidepressants दवाएं

If you're taking or considering taking depression medication, there are important things you need to know.

Yet this is exactly how antidepressants purport to work - by treating levels of neurotransmitters. By understanding how antidepressants work, we can see how they treat a symptom of depression, not the root of the depression, and are therefore ineffective in one to two thirds of sufferers.

This also explains why antidepressants have such a high rate of relapse, compared to other effective therapies for depression.

However, we are not 'anti-drugs'. We simply want to ensure everyone has access to accurate information so they can make the best choice for themselves.

 

Side Effects of Antidepressants

अवसाद निरोधक दवाओं के दुष्प्रभाव

यदि आप नींद की गोलियां और अवसाद (डिप्रेशन) निरोधक दवाएं ले रहे हैं अथवा लेना चाहते हैं तो आपका यह जानना बहुत जरूरी है कि ये दवाएं आपकी सेहत और जीवन के लिए खतरनाक हो सकती हैं। प्रायः ये गोलियां अवसाद के लक्षणों का उपचार करती है, अस्थाई रूप से तंत्रिका तंत्र को शीथिल कर देती हैं, अवसाद के मूल कारणों का उपचार नहीं करतीं। आप डॉक्टर से यह जरूर पूछें कि ये दवाएं कब तक लेनी होगी? क्या जीवन भर? या मैं एक निश्चित अवधि में ठीक हो जाऊंगा? ये दवाएं एक बार शुरू करने के बाद जिन्दगी भर का श्राप तो नहीं बन जाएगी? एडिक्शन तो नहीं करेंगी? इन दवाओं के साइड इफेक्ट तो नहीं होंगे? होंगे तो क्या-क्या होंगे? दवा शुरू करने से पहले यह सब जानना-समझना आपका अधिकार है।

IT IS BECOMING clearer and clearer that antidepressants are far from benign drugs. And unfortunately, the combination of depression and medication, as well as still being very much trial and error, has some unique worries due to the nature of the condition itself.

As with all drugs some people react badly to antidepressants, whilst side effects can seem quite mild in others. The irony here of course is that, helpful as antidepressants may be for some people at some times, these side effects can be very depressing in themselves.

Because no one antidepressant has been proven to be any more effective than any other, the choice of which drug to prescribe often rests on their different side effects!

The overwhelming popularity of SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) was in part due to their apparent "safety" over more toxic drugs when used improperly. Some of the Tricyclics are extremely toxic in overdose, such as Dothiepin, Amitriptyline and Imiprimine.

However, in addition to other dangers, there is also an established direct link between suicide and violent behaviour and the use of SSRIs. (1)

Actually, all the effects, even the desired effects, can be considered a side effect of taking a pill. The reason there are so many side effects with antidepressants, is really due to the lack of full understanding about how antidepressants, and depression, affect the brain.

This can be very different from case to case. Even the drug companies themselves admit that they don't quite know how the drugs work! (2)

Antidepressant treatment is often very much "a sledgehammer to crack a nut", especially in cases of mild to moderate depression.

 

General side effects of depression medication अवसाद निरोधक दवाओं के दुष्प्रभाव

Some of the various side effects from the different antidepressants are:

• Dry mouth मुंह सूखना
• Urinary retention पिशाब में तकलीफ
• Blurred vision आँखों में मलीनता
• Constipation कब्ज
• Sedation (can interfere with driving or operating machinery) उदासी
• Sleep disruption नींद में बाधा
• Weight gain वजन बढ जाना
• Headache सरदर्द या सर भारी रहना
• Nausea जी मिचलाना
• Gastrointestinal disturbance/diarrhea गैस-अपच
• Abdominal pain पेट दर्द
• Inability to achieve an erection कुछ कर पाने में असमर्थ महसूस करना
• Inability to achieve an orgasm (men and women) सेक्स के लिए आवेग में असमर्थता
• Loss of libido कामोत्तेजना की समाप्ति
• Agitation व्याकुलता, घबराहट
• Anxiety चिंता, व्यग्रता, आकुलता

Uncovering the new truths about SSRIs

One of the reasons that SSRIs (including Paxil, Prozac, Luvox, Zoloft, Celexa) are so widely prescribed by doctors and psychiatrists is because they are safer in overdose. This is obviously a good thing because traditionally the most common form of suicide was to overdose on the very antidepressants which were meant to help relieve the depression.
However, there are two very real dangers: one that has recently been the basis of an historic court battle in the US.

1.    SSRIs pose greater risks when taken with other drugs, due to their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. For example, SSRIs can be lethal प्राण-घातक when taken with MAOIs.

2.    While being safer in overdose, SSRIs have actually been proven to increase thoughts of suicide or self harm आत्महत्या या स्वयं को चोट पहुंचाने के विचारों में बढोतरी.

Other side effects of SSRIs

Nausea जी मिचलाना, diarrhea अपच, headaches सरदर्द या सर भारी रहना. Sexual side effects सेक्स संबंधी समस्या are also common with SSRIs, such as loss of libido, failure to reach orgasm and erectile problems कामोत्तेजना की समाप्ति और स्तम्भन की समस्या. Seratonergic syndrome is also a worrying condition associated with the use of SSRIs.

Side effects of TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants)

Fairly common side effects include dry mouth मुंह सूखना, blurred vision आँखों में मलीनता, drowsiness निद्रालु, सुस्ती, dizziness भ्रमकारक स्थिति, and tremors sexual problems सेक्स के समय थरथराना, skin rash शरीर पर चकते, and weight gain or loss वजन बढना या घटना.

Side effects of MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors)

Rare side effects of MAOIs like phenelzine (brand name: Nardil) and tranylcypromine (brand name: Parnate) include liver inflammation, heart attack, stroke, and seizures. लीवर में खराबी, दिल का दौरा, अचानक आघातA Individuals taking MAOIs may have to be careful about eating certain smoked, fermented, or pickled foods, drinking certain beverages, or taking some medications because they can cause severe high blood pressure in combination with the medication. A range of other, less serious side effects occur including weight gain वजन बढना, constipation कब्ज, dry mouth मुंह सूखना, dizziness भ्रमकारक स्थिति, headache सरदर्द, drowsiness सुस्ती, insomnia अनिद्रा, and sexual side effects सेक्स संबंधी समस्या  (problems with arousal or satisfaction).

SSRIs, and SNRIs tend to have fewer बुखार and different side effects, such as nausea जी मिचलाना, nervousness निराशा, insomnia अनिद्रा, diarrhea अपच, rash शरीर पर चकते, agitation व्याकुलता, or sexual side effects सेक्स संबंधी समस्या (problems with arousal or satisfaction). Bupropion generally causes fewer बुखार common side effects than TCAs and MAOIs. Its possible side effects include restlessness व्यग्रता, insomnia अनिद्रा, headache सरदर्द or a worsening of preexisting migraine conditions माइग्रेन की बुरी हालत, tremor थरथराना, dry mouth मुंह सूखना, agitation व्याकुलता, confusion गलतफहमी, rapid heartbeat धडकन तेज होना, dizziness भ्रमकारक स्थिति, nausea जी मिचलाना, constipation कब्ज, menstrual complaints मासिक धर्म संबंधी शिकायत एवं अनियमितता and rash शरीर पर चकते.

Alternative Treatments for Depression

WITH antidepressants being the first line treatment for many medical practitioners, having access to unbiased information about effective alternative treatments is vitally important.

We have listed psychotherapy or counseling (effectively the same thing) under 'alternative' because for much of the medical profession, they are still seen that way. International guidelines for the treatment of depression are well established, and the types of therapy that are recommended for depression are those that are brief, concentrate on problem solving, attributional thinking styles , focusing attention away from emotions and helping sufferers get basic needs met by, for example, helping improve relationship skills.

Overcoming Depression - Counseling and Therapy

Now we can understand the difference between simply treating the symptoms of depression with drugs and overcoming depression for good. Here we're going to look at what research has shown to be the best type of depression counseling for overcoming depression permanently.

Many professionals advocate a combination of drug therapy and psychotherapy, but more and more studies show that medication is unnecessary if the sufferer receives the right sort of help. As well as overcoming depression if you have it now, knowing exactly what depression is means you can recognize the onset of future episodes, if they occur. Gaining new skills, or being able to challenge depressive thinking and behavior at the onset, means you can be confident about leading a depression-free life. Good depression counseling will help you learn these skills.

Counseling or therapy that is effective in overcoming depression focuses on:

• What we do. (Behavioral therapy)
• How we think about things. (Cognitive therapy)
• How we relate to others. (Interpersonal therapy)
• How things are going to be better in the future. (Solution focused therapy)
• Getting our basic emotional needs met in the wider world
• Helping you find solutions to your immediate problems

A combination of these above approaches has been shown to work best.